Common Activity Used by Vietnam's Athlete in Winning Match in 2015 Sea Games Singapore

Shapie, M.N.M & Mohd Faozi, M.A.

1. Fakulti Sains Sukan dan Rekreasi, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor.

2. Pertubuhan Seni Gayung Fatani Malaysia

Abstract

The aim of this learning is to know tactical used by the Vietnamese silat athlete in winning match on 28^th SEA Games Singapore 2015. Four matches were selected, men class B quarterfinals, men class C quarterfinals, men class A final, men class C semi-final. Punch, kick, topple, sweep and etc are the technique that been chose to analyse the performance of athlete from Vietnam. The comparison between red and blue will analyse using the independent t-test. The notational analysis was used to record the all outcomes such as hit target, hit elsewhere and miss opponent indicators.

Keywords: kicking, martial arts, coaching, performance analysis

Introduction

            Silat is a collective word for a class of indigenous hand to hand fighting from a geo-social territory of Southeast Asia enveloping a large portion of the Nusantara, the Indonesian Archipelago, the Malay Archipelago and the sum of the Malay Peninsula. Silat is one of the sports included in the Southeast Asian Games and other region-wide competitions. Training halls are overseen by separate national organisations in each of the main countries the art is practised. These are Ikatan Pencak Silat Indonesia (IPSI) from Indonesia, Persekutuan Silat Kebangsaan Malaysia (PESAKA) from Malaysia, Persekutuan Silat Brunei Darussalam (PERSIB) from Brunei and Persekutuan Silat Singapura (PERSISI) from Singapore. Practitioners are called pesilat. On the 23rd to 24th of September 1979, when the fourteenth SEA Games were held, Indonesian Pencak Silat Federation (IPSI) presented Olahraga Pencak Silat (generally known as Silat Olahraga). The rules of this event have already been arranged in the year 1973. With a specific end goal to reinforce and enhance it, more pencak silat procedures are included based karate, kempo and jujitsu moves for perfection. By 1980, silat has participated in the main Olahraga Pencak Silat rivalry which was held in Singapore. In 1982, the Pencak Silat rivalry presented two new rivalries which are Silat Seni and Silat Olahraga. Afterward, the Pencak Silat rivalry coordinator changed the terms for the classes into Tunggal, Ganda, Regu and Tanding (Olahraga Pencak Silat/Silat Olahraga). For the basic commands, the ‘wasit’ which is referee will state the command 'Sedia', meaning 'ready'. Then, he will shout 'Mulai', meaning 'begin'. Immediately the 'gong' will be struck. When the wasit wants to stop the fight, he will shout 'Berhenti', meaning 'stop'. There are three rounds of fighting; 2 minutes for every round, with 1 minute rest between each round.

Material and Methods

Match Analysis

The video of the match were used to analyse the 28^th SEA Games Singapore 2015, Vietnam men class B quarterfinals, Vietnam men class C quarterfinals, Vietnam men class A final, and Vietnam men class C semi-final. The video was collected by using the YouTube Channel. The winning and losing participant will be classified and the game-related statistics were collected. Data collected was hit target, hit elsewhere and miss target. The video has been notated by Mohamad Azraie bin Mohd Faozi.

Motion Categories

Silat exponent’s motions were coded into 14 different types of categories and were defined as follows:

Punch:

The punch ‘tumbuk’ attack is done by a hand with a closed fist hitting the target. In silat punching is often used to fight the opponent. It can be a straight punch ‘tumbuk lurus’ or uppercut ‘sauk’ to the exponent body’s.

Kick:

The kick ‘tendang / terajang’ is an attacking movement which is performed with one leg or two legs simultaneously. A kick can be aimed at any target. It can be front kick ‘tendang depan’, side-kick ‘depak’ or semi-circular side kick ‘tendang lengkar’.

Block:

The blocking movements begin with the posture position ‘sikap pasang’: the exponent stands straight with his hands around his body or close to his chest. Blocking or parrying ‘tangkisan’ can be done using arms, elbows and legs with the purpose to block off or striking back at any attack.

Catch:

The catch ‘tangkapan’ is done by using the hand to obstruct the opponent from carrying out an attack. The silat exponent is able to prevent himself from being attacked by pointing the attack which he has caught to another direction. A catch which twists or drags the opponent is forbidden. Also, a catch which could break the part which is being held such as the leg and waist is also forbidden. These regulations exist to protect the silat exponent’s.

Topple:

There are various ways of toppling down one’s opponent. For example, a silat exponent ‘pesilat’ can either push, shove the opponent’s back leg from the bag or from the side, shove, hit, kick, strike or punch to make the opponent lose his balance. Every fall is considered valid as long as the silat exponent topples his opponent down without wrestling or he is able to overpower the opponent whom he has brought down.

Sweep:

Swiping ‘sapuan’ involves attacking an opponent’s leg which is on the ground to unstabilise him and bring down to the ground. A silat exponent can perform this attacking movement either with his right or left leg, Hence, front sweep ‘sapuan depan’ is done by swinging the leg to the front to push an opponent’s front leg, while back sweep ‘sapuan belakang’ is carried out by swinging the leg backward to hit the back leg.

Evade/Dodge:

The evade ‘elakan’ technique is carried out by silat exponent when he tries to evade an attack. This technique does not require the silat exponent to touch the opponent in fending off the attack. They are many ways of carrying out his defensive movement such as dodging ‘gelek’, retreat ‘mundur’, evasion to the side ‘elak sisi’, bending ‘elak serung’, jumping ‘lonjak’, ducking ‘susup’ and etc.

Self-Release:

Self-release ‘lepas tangkapan’ technique is a technique to unlock any clinch or catch from an opponent.

Block and Punch:

The blocking technique is used to block any hand or leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using the hand to punch the opponent.

Block and Kick:

The blocking technique is used to block any hand or leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using the leg to kick the opponent.

Block and Sweep:

The blocking technique is used to block any hand or leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using sweeping technique to the opponent.

Fake Punch:

An action which a silat exponent intends to confuse the opponent using a fake punch to break his opponent’s defensive posture.

Fake Kick:

An action which a silat exponent intends to confuse the opponent using a fake kick to break his opponent defensive posture.

Others:

Both silat exponents are either in posture position ‘sikap pasang’ or coming close to each other using silat step pattern ‘pola langkah’. All the activities are considered high intensity except for others which at that time both silat exponents are in low intensity periods.

Statistical Analysis

The remark generated data will be regularity counted, and every round of data will be composed to be analysed. All data will transferred into Microsoft word and will be transferred into SPSS for further detailed. A paired t-test was used to determine of action performance. All  data will be expressed in mean ± standard deviation.

Results

Table 1: Frequency of actions and outcomes recorded during Men’s 55kg Class B Quarterfinal Vietnam VS Singapore

Action	Outcome
	Hit Elsewhere	Hit Target	Miss Opponent	Total
Block	1	3		4
Block & Kick		1		1
Block & Punch		1		1
Block & Sweep
Kick	2	7	3	12
Fake Kick
Punch	3	7		10
Fake Punch			5	5
Self-Release		3		3
Topple	2	1		3
Sweep			7	7
Catch		2	3	5
Dodge		6		6
Others		2		2
Total	8	33	18	59

Table 2: Frequency profile of the 2 contestants

Exponent	Topple	Kick	Others*	Total
Win	1	10	22	33
Lose	3	3	20	26
Total	4	13	42	59

Table 3: Frequency of actions and outcomes recorded during Men’s 60kg Class C Quarterfinals Vietnam VS Singapore

Action	Outcome
	Hit Elsewhere	Hit Target	Miss Opponent	Total
Block		7		7
Block & Kick
Block & Punch			1	1
Block & Sweep
Kick	5	10	5	20
Fake Kick
Punch	2	7	2	11
Fake Punch
Self-Release		5		5
Topple	1	4	1	6
Sweep			3	3
Catch	1	3		4
Dodge	1	6		7
Others	2	2		4
Total	12	34	12	58

Table 4: Frequency profile of the 2 contestants

Exponent	Topple	Kick	Others*	Total
Win	6	11	19	36
Lose	3	9	10	22
Total	9	20	29	58

Table 5: Frequency of actions and outcomes recorded during Men’s Class A Final Vietnam VS Indonesia

Action	Outcome
	Hit Elsewhere	Hit Target	Miss Opponent	Total
Block		4		4
Block & Kick		1		1
Block & Punch
Block & Sweep
Kick	4	14	9	17
Fake Kick
Punch	1	2		3
Fake Punch
Self-Release		3		3
Topple		9	19	28
Sweep
Catch		2		2
Dodge		8		8
Others
Total	5	43	28	76

Table 6: Frequency profile of the 2 contestants

Exponent	Topple	Kick	Others*	Total
Win	15	14	13	42
Lose	13	12	9	34
Total	28	26	22	76

Table 7: Frequency of actions and outcomes recorded during Men’s Class C Semi Final Vietnam VS Thailand

Action	Outcome
	Hit Elsewhere	Hit Target	Miss Opponent	Total
Block		6		6
Block & Kick			1	1
Block & Punch		2		2
Block & Sweep		2		2
Kick	5	5	5	15
Fake Kick
Punch		3		3
Fake Punch
Self-Release		4	3	7
Topple		5	4	9
Sweep		5	3	8
Catch		5		5
Dodge		11		11
Others		3	1	4
Total	5	51	17	73

Table 8: Frequency profile of the 2 contestants

Exponent	Topple	Kick	Others*	Total
Win	4	11	26	41
Lose	1	5	26	32
Total	5	16	52	73

Paired Samples Test
		Paired Differences					t	df	Sig. (2-tailed)
		Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean	95% Confidence Interval of the Difference
					Lower	Upper
Pair 1	kick hit target winner1 - kick hit target loser1	1.00000	1.00000	.57735	-1.48414	3.48414	1.732	2	.225
Pair 2	kick hit elsewhere winner1 - kick hit elsewhere loser1	.00000	1.73205	1.00000	-4.30265	4.30265	.000	2	1.000
Pair 3	kick missing opponent winner1 - kick missing opponent loser1	-.33333	1.52753	.88192	-4.12792	3.46125	-.378	2	.742

Discussion

Independent paired t-test was used to collect the data from 28^th SEA Games Singapore 2015, men quarter final match class B Vietnam VS Singapore, men quarter final class C Vietnam VS Singapore, men final class A Vietnam VS Indonesia, men class C semi-final class C Vietnam VS Thailand. The result has shown that the winner from Vietnam make more action compare to the loser side base on total action profile. Based on the result we can conclude that the winning athlete had in top performance which is in attack and during defending. The tactical used by Vietnamese silat’s athlete is more on kicking and topple because they are focusing on getting point even some of round in the match they lose seldom of points. Moreover Vietnamese athlete are using wait and attack strategy as we can see hit target percentage is higher than the miss opponent. Most of the athlete also like to use avoiding and come back with topple technique. Winning athlete was very focus and they have a good reaction. In terms of topple technique, their maximal strength and power is very high because in every attempt they made, they successfully bring the opponent down. This relate to functional stability which is to not fall easily and muscle strength at lower extremity, to take the opponent down. They are commonly use ATP Pc and glycolysis because from the analysis, Vietnamese athlete only make not more than 3 combination of action and they are focusing on the hit target. Which is this, has shown that quality is over quantity.

The mean values for kick hit target win (KHTW) and kick hit target lose (KHTL) is 1.00. The standard deviation of (KHTW) and (KHTL) is also 1.00. It shown that, the 4 matches used more kicking technique compare to punching because it is a good action for a far distance between two athletes. The pesilat need to have a really good skill of how to kick the opponent target. This mean that the level of fitness of Vietnam pesilat has increase time by time due to the knowledge in sport science in coaches and athlete to win ASEAN games.

Conclusion

In summary, this study showed the winner and loser based on kick hit target on the 28^th SEA Games Singapore 2015. The current study has provided a great understanding of the information for the silat by looking at the activity involved in competition. Both of the exponents performed more high intensity actions than low intensity actions. Based on the mean and standard deviation at Paired Sample Test table, there is no doubt if the athlete from Vietnam won the game and be a champion. This sport expose very well in Asean and many folks want to involve this sport. This sport involves high intensity in fitness level especially in speed and power. All the competitor should improve and develop more fitness level especially in speed and power if want to be more expert athlete in silat olahraga. As I conclude, the tactical used by Vietnam’s athlete to do more kick and topple is a good tactical to win the match because it can boost your point taken.

References

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About Author

This article was submitted by Mohamad Azraie an expert of combat sport research. Did you find this article useful?

For more question, please email to azraiefaozi@yahoo.com.